Existen evidencias científicas suficientes para demostrar que el cambio climático es una realidad con repercusiones para las presentes y las futuras generaciones, sin embargo, existen grupos negacionistas que utilizan argumentos acientíficos para justificar sus modelos de desarrollo donde prima el objeto material individual sobre los sujetos colectivos. La sociedad actual se encuentra con varios dilemas coyunturales en aspectos tales como la economía, el desarrollo social, el desarrollo productivo y los impactos ambientales derivado del modo de vida contemporáneo. Our findings should offer guidance to both survey developers and users, as well as to policy makers responsible for conveying information about environmental sustainability to the wider public. Finally, nearly half of all EPI indicators were associated with few or no survey items, indicating the existence of ‘blind spots’ in public awareness. When controlling for GDP, country-level attitudes were more aligned with country-specific environmental conditions. Items asking about general sentiment with no clear referent performed poorly. Items asking about the relative importance of environmental problems compared to other social issues were also good positive predictors of progress on perceptible environmental issues. Items about air and water pollution were valid predictors of objective environmental conditions in these areas. From the initial 28 items, we identified 23 sufficiently reliable items, but many of these were found to have low predictive power in the validity analysis. As the level of economic development is a likely confound, we also performed partial correlation analyses controlling for GDP per capita. Next, to assess validity, we evaluated correlations between survey items and 22 objective environmental indicators drawn from the Environmental Performance Index (EPI). Starting with 28 survey items about the environment drawn from the World Values Survey Waves 5 and 6 and the 2010 International Social Survey Program, we assessed reliability by checking for significant correlations between similar or identical items on different surveys.
Do existing public opinion surveys provide valid and reliable measures of attitudes towards environmental sustainability? This question is critical given the importance of public support for achieving sustainability.
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